Raspberry

Broken USB

C97 and C98: 47uF 16V 1206

Boot process

Raspberry PI boots from first partition of the SD card (/dev/mmcblk0p1 vfat), mounted in linux as /boot/firmware. The file /boot/config.txt contains the device tree overlays that used by the kernel to load modules, the modules are the drivers for the devices.

The firmware for raspberry can be updated using

rpi-eeprom-update -a

uname -a
Linux rasp4 6.2.0-1009-raspi #11-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Mon Jul 17 10:19:57 UTC 2023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

bootcode.bin + kernel (arm v7l) cmdline.txt

/boot/firmware/config.txt

 kernel parameters

config.txt

 device tree overlay

/boot/firmware/config.txt

start_x=1

This enabled MMAL /dev/video0

sudo v4l2-ctl -D
sudo v4l2-ctl --list-devices

libcamera-hello

firmware for devices CSI Bus Driver KO

 lsmod |grep ov5647

/dev/video0 Lib SO App

Waveshare Screen

https://www.waveshare.com/5inch-hdmi-lcd.htm

https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/5inch_HDMI_LCD

SKU: 10563

grub_default
video=800x480M@60D

https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/5inch_HDMI_LCD_(H)

hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=87
hdmi_cvt 800 480 60 6 0 0 0  

https://www.systutorials.com/configuration-of-linux-kernel-video-mode/

Using 5V power supply, the working current is about 400mA https://github.com/jonaslorander/OctoPiPanel/issues/44

https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/index.html

x : resolution
M: compute a CVT mode?
R: reduced blanking?
-: color depth
@: refresh rate
i: interlaced (non-CVT mode)
m: margins?
e: output forced to on
d: output forced to off
D: digital output forced to on (e.g. DVI-I connector) You can override the modes of several outputs using "video" several times, for instance, to force DVI to 1024x768 at 85 Hz and TV-out off: video=DVI-I-1:1024x768@85 video=TV-1:d 

https://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/linux-2.6/tree/Documentation/fb/modedb.txt

Raspberry Pi Camera

v1.3	Omnivision OV5647
v2.1	Sony IMX219

https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html#preparing-the-software

bcm2835_unicam

lsmod dependancy tree

 mc
   videodev
     v4l2_fwnode
       ov5647

blkid

/dev/mmcblk0p1: LABEL_FATBOOT="boot" LABEL="boot" UUID="C839-E506" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="427c7b7d-01"

/dev/mmcblk0p2: LABEL="rootfs" UUID="568caafd-bab1-46cb-921b-cd257b61f505" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="427c7b7d-02"

rpi-update

sudo rpi-update ffdfc6e625eb38086b8c15eead2be90acab825c2

https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-firmware/commits/master

ffdfc6e

Oct 19, 2021

Oct 28 ... Mark the Hexxeh repo as obsolete

https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-firmware

"firmware: improve firmware camera detection"

ov5647.dtbo

/boot/config.txt

dtoverlay=vc4-fkms-v3d
#dtoverlay=imx219
#dtoverlay=ov5647
start_x=1
camera_auto_detect=1

v4l2-ctl --list-devices

unicam (platform:fe801000.csi):

       /dev/video0

       /dev/media0

uname -a

Linux raspberrypi 5.10.89-v7l+ #1508 SMP Tue Jan 4 19:52:01 GMT 2022 armv7l GNU/Linux

*** Updating firmware
*** Updating kernel modules
*** Updating VideoCore libraries
*** Using HardFP libraries
*** Updating SDK
*** Running ldconfig
*** Storing current firmware revision

dmesg | grep -i ov5647
ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error
[    7.572380] ov5647 10-0036: Consider updating driver ov5647 to match on endpoints

v1.3
grep ov5647 /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/modules.dep
ls -la /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/media/i2c/ov*

v2.0
kernel/drivers/media/i2c/imx219.ko
dmesg | grep imx
[    9.371924] imx219 10-0010: failed to read chip id 219
[    9.374746] imx219: probe of 10-0010 failed with error -5

raspi-config
> 3 Interfaces > Legacy Camera

vcgencmd get_camera
supported=1 detected=0

v4l2-ctl --list-devices
Failed to open /dev/video0: Remote I/O error

/usr/bin/libcamera-hello -n
[0:01:59.178388298] [871]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:293 libcamera v0.0.0+3385-44d59841
[0:01:59.201706454] [872] ERROR CameraSensor camera_sensor.cpp:535 'ov5647 10-0036': Camera sensor does not support test pattern modes.
[0:01:59.620225253] [872] ERROR V4L2 v4l2_device.cpp:91 /dev/video0[-1:cap]: Failed to open V4L2 device: Remote I/O error
[0:01:59.622099400] [872] ERROR RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1129 Failed to register camera ov5647 10-0036: -121
ERROR: *** no cameras available ***

[  556.205413] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error
[  556.209438] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error

libcamera-jpeg -o /data/test.jpg

raspinfo
grep -m 1 model /proc/cpuinfo

cat /etc/debian-version
Raspbian
Debian Bullseye 11.1

rpi-update
cat /boot/.firmware_revision
479b4a969355b9cee39cc74b8ea415ab0337c510

rm -rf /boot/.firmware_revision
rpi-update

raspi-config (update tool)
sets dt

vcgencmd version
version 58e03c94953762222f2b838390dde54d46c38381 (clean) (release) (start)
version d9b293558b4cef6aabedcc53c178e7604de90788 (clean) (release) (start)

vcgencmd get_camera
supported=0 detected=0

https://github.com/raspberrypi/userland/tree/master/host_applications/linux/apps/gencmd

vcgencmd get_camera
supported=1 detected=0, libcamera interfaces=1

/usr/bin/libcamera-hello -n
[0:06:53.878391690] [1140]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:284 libcamera v0.1.0+19-960d0c1e
[0:06:54.205800297] [1142]  INFO RPI vc4.cpp:390 Registered camera /base/soc/i2c0mux/i2c@1/ov5647@36 to Unicam device /dev/media0 and ISP device /dev/media2
[0:06:54.209629219] [1140]  INFO Camera camera.cpp:1033 configuring streams: (0) 1296x972-YUV420
[0:06:54.211036747] [1142]  INFO RPI vc4.cpp:512 Sensor: /base/soc/i2c0mux/i2c@1/ov5647@36 - Selected sensor format: 1296x972-SGBRG10_1X10 - Selected unicam format: 1296x972-pGAA

Pi Camera

https://libcamera.org/getting-started.html

https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html#building-libcamera-apps

libcamera

apt install cmake meson gnutls-dev
git clone https://git.libcamera.org/libcamera/libcamera.git
cd libcamera
meson setup -Dprefix=/usr build
cd build
meson compile
meson install

ninja -C build install

ldconfig
dynamic linker
/lib/ld-linux.so.3

libcamera-apps

apt install cmake libboost-dev libboost-program-options-dev libdrm-dev libexif-dev
git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/libcamera-apps.git
git clean -f -x -d

meson setup -Dprefix=/usr build
cd build
meson compile
meson install

mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr -DENABLE_DRM=1 -DENABLE_X11=0 -DENABLE_QT=0 -DENABLE_OPENCV=0 -DENABLE_TFLITE=0
make install

libcamera-hello --version
libcamera-apps build: b9a692385d32-intree 07-01-2022 (12:08:03)
libcamera build: v0.0.0+3385-44d59841

libcamera-hello -n
Opening camera...
[0:41:07.818836425] [1467]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:293 libcamera v0.0.0+3156-f4070274
Closing Libcamera application(frames displayed 0, dropped 0)
Camera stopped!
Tearing down requests, buffers and configuration
Camera closed
ERROR: *** no cameras available ***

[0:02:05.034378068] [923] INFO Camera camera.cpp:1028 configuring streams: (0) 1296x972-YUV420 [0:02:05.035319900] [924] INFO RPI raspberrypi.cpp:738 Sensor: /base/soc/i2c0mux/i2c@1/ov5647@36 - Selected sensor format: 1296x972-SGBRG10_1X10 - Selected unicam format: 1296x972-pGAA

libcamera-detect

http://picamera.readthedocs.io/en/latest/recipes2.html#web-streaming

https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/raspberry-pi-camera-guide.pdf

https://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Dev/RaspberryPi/ov5647_full.pdf

kernel modules ov5647
lsmod | grep ov5647

libcamera-hello --tuning-file /usr/share/libcamera/ipa/raspberrypi/imx219_noir.json

# Enable audio (loads snd_bcm2835)
dtparam=audio=on
disable_touchscreen=1

# Enable DRM VC4 V3D drive
dtoverlay=ov5647
max_framebuffers=2
arm_64bit=1
start_x=1
gpu_mem=128

[0:29:30.040200604] [1636] ERROR V4L2 v4l2_device.cpp:91 /dev/video0[-1:cap]: Failed to open V4L2 device: Remote I/O error
[0:29:30.041926662] [1636] ERROR RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1129 Failed to register camera ov5647 10-0036: -121

libcamera-hello -n -v

[0:30:01.427329620] [1640]  WARN RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1202 Mismatch between Unicam and CamHelper for embedded data usage!
[0:30:01.460196685] [1640] ERROR V4L2 v4l2_device.cpp:91 /dev/video0[-1:cap]: Failed to open V4L2 device: Remote I/O error
[0:30:01.461953965] [1640] ERROR RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1129 Failed to register camera ov5647 10-0036: -121

[0:12:21.370364549] [992]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:293 libcamera v0.0.0+3385-44d59841
[0:12:21.394928552] [993] ERROR CameraSensor camera_sensor.cpp:535 'ov5647 10-0036': Camera sensor does not support test pattern modes.
[0:12:21.500676308] [993] ERROR V4L2 v4l2_device.cpp:91 /dev/video0[-1:cap]: Failed to open V4L2 device: Remote I/O error
[0:12:21.502495829] [993] ERROR RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1129 Failed to register camera ov5647 10-0036: -121

v4l2-ctl --list-devices
unicam (platform:fe801000.csi):
       /dev/media2
Failed to open /dev/video0: Remote I/O error
[  834.101238] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error
[  834.105368] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error

libcamera-hello -n
ERROR: the system appears to be configured for the legacy camera stack

libcamera-hello -n
[0:00:45.629777859] [911]  INFO Camera camera_manager.cpp:293 libcamera v0.0.0+3385-44d59841
[0:00:45.650538841] [912] ERROR CameraSensor camera_sensor.cpp:535 'ov5647 10-0036': Camera sensor does not support test pattern modes.
[0:00:46.091778100] [912] ERROR V4L2 v4l2_device.cpp:91 /dev/video0[-1:cap]: Failed to open V4L2 device: Remote I/O error
[0:00:46.093755341] [912] ERROR RPI raspberrypi.cpp:1129 Failed to register camera ov5647 10-0036: -121
ERROR: *** no cameras available ***

LIBCAMERA_LOG_LEVELS=0 libcamera-hello -n

dmesg | grep ov [ 6.818879] ov5647 10-0036: Consider updating driver ov5647 to match on endpoints [ 6.876201] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error [ 119.041903] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error [ 119.626186] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error [ 131.218425] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error [ 131.223414] ov5647 10-0036: write sensor_oe_enable_regs error

https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/media/i2c/ov5647.c#L774 ov5647_power_on

=

cmake
libraries
(.so files)
/etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

include
.h files
/usr/include

cmake .
make
make install

meson -Dprefix=/usr build
ninja -C build install

==

device_tree=
dtparam=i2c=on,i2s=on,spi=on

raspi-config
/etc/modprobe.d/raspi-blacklist.conf

=

libcamera-vid -t 0 -n --rotation 180 --codec mjpeg --inline --listen -o tcp://0.0.0.0:9876
libcamera-vid -t 0 -n --rotation 180 -q 90 --inline --listen -o tcp://0.0.0.0:9876

raspinfo
vcgencmd version
vcgencmd get_camera
libcamera-hello --version
libcamera-hello -n
libcamera-jpeg -o /data/test.jpg

cmake . -DENABLE_DRM=1 -DENABLE_X11=0 -DENABLE_QT=0 -DENABLE_OPENCV=0 -DENABLE_TFLITE=0
ls -la /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/media/i2c/ov*
grep ov5647 /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/modules.dep

Device Tree Bluetooth

/boot/config.txt

dtparam=audio=on

/etc/modprobe.d/raspi-blacklist.conf

#snd_bcm2835

https://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2019/06/using-a-usb-audio-device-with-the-raspberry-pi/

aplay -l

alsamixer

cat /proc/asound/modules

sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf

defaults.ctl.card 0
defaults.pcm.card 0

/lib/modprobe.d/aliases.conf

#snd-usb-audio index=-2

speaker-test -c2

/boot/config.txt

#dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt

/etc/systemd/system/bluetooth.target-wants/bluetooth.service

add --compat

sdptool

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart bluetooth

sdptool

sudo sdptool browse local

Handsfree has ServiceNumber 0x10003

sdptool del 0x10003

https://www.systutorials.com/configuration-of-linux-kernel-video-mode/

https://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/linux-2.6/tree/Documentation/fb/modedb.txt

kernel boot options

video=<conn>:<xres>x<yres>[M][R][-<bpp>][@<refresh>][i][m][eDd]
video=HDMI-1:800x480@60
nomodeset

/etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.md=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 KEYTABLE=us rd.luks=0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 video=1024x800-32

GRUB_GFXMODE=800x480x32
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep
GRUB_TERMINAL=gfxterm